Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited blood disorders where the body produces abnormally shaped red blood cells. SCD is associated with severe pain and complications that can affect the entire body. There are several different types¹ of SCD with varying symptoms, complications, and severities.

Learn more about common complications of SCD²

There are several things to keep in mind to support students or employees with SCD:

• People with sickle cell disease may need time away from school or work due to pain episodes. These episodes are caused by blocked blood flow to organs or bones, often requiring hospital treatment.
  • For students, provide make-up work to help them stay on track, and consider a home-based (homebound) or hospital teacher for long absences.
  • For employees, support a flexible schedule and remote work where possible.
• Pain episodes can be reduced by ensuring students/employees stay hydrated. Hydration should include water, broth, fruit juices (apple and grape) more alkaline. Acidic juices can trigger red blood cells to sickle (orange, lemon, lime, etc). Allow access to water and frequent bathroom breaks, as their kidneys lose water easily. Let them carry a water bottle or take water breaks as needed.
• Symptoms and severity vary by person; some may appear healthy most of the time, while others may have frequent health challenges.
• Pain can be prevented by avoiding overheating or exposure to cold.
• Due to anemia, people with SCD may get tired more easily and benefit from rest periods.
  • For students, encourage gym and sports but let them stop when needed without drawing attention. Physical exertion, dehydration, and extreme temperatures can trigger pain episodes. Modify physical education and any sporting activities and encourage hydration and frequent breaks as needed.
  • For employees, allow them to take breaks from strenuous work in a private location when needed.
• People living with sickle cell disease are impacted differently and symptoms vary by person.